Masonry Magazine June 1980 Page. 1
masonry
JUNE, 1980
This manual is intended to provide information on the proper use of masonry materials and techniques. It is not intended to be a complete guide to masonry construction, but rather a supplement to existing codes and standards.
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MORTAR
MORTAR
Mortar is a mixture of cementitious materials, aggregate, and water. It is used to bond masonry units together and to fill the spaces between them. The type of mortar used will depend on the type of masonry unit being used and the desired strength and durability of the wall.
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BRICK
BRICK
Brick is a masonry unit made from clay or shale. It is one of the oldest and most widely used building materials. Brick is available in a variety of sizes, colors, and textures.
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CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
Concrete masonry units (CMUs) are made from concrete and are available in a variety of sizes and shapes. CMUs are commonly used for walls, foundations, and partitions.
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STONE
STONE
Stone is a natural building material that has been used for centuries. Stone is available in a variety of types, colors, and textures.
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LAYING MASONRY UNITS
LAYING MASONRY UNITS
The process of laying masonry units involves placing the units in a bed of mortar and aligning them properly. The mortar joints should be uniform in thickness and the units should be plumb and level.
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WALL TYPES
WALL TYPES
There are many different types of masonry walls, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some common types of masonry walls include:
* Solid walls
* Cavity walls
* Veneer walls
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REINFORCEMENT
REINFORCEMENT
Masonry walls can be reinforced with steel bars to increase their strength and resistance to cracking. Reinforcement is typically placed in the mortar joints or in cores within the masonry units.
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FLASHING
FLASHING
Flashing is used to prevent water from entering masonry walls. Flashing is typically placed at the base of walls, at window and door openings, and at other locations where water is likely to penetrate.
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MOVEMENT JOINTS
MOVEMENT JOINTS
Movement joints are used to accommodate the expansion and contraction of masonry walls due to temperature changes and moisture variations. Movement joints should be placed at regular intervals and at locations where stress concentrations are likely to occur.
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CLEANING
CLEANING
Masonry walls should be cleaned periodically to remove dirt, stains, and efflorescence. The cleaning method used will depend on the type of masonry unit and the type of soiling.