Masonry Magazine April 1988 Page. 18
TYPES OF WALL TIES
# General
There is a number of different wall tie systems available for cavity, multi-wythe, grouted and veneer wall systems. These include unit ties, continuous horizontal joint reinforcement, adjustable ties (unit and continuous) and re-anchoring systems.
# Unit Ties
Unit ties are rectangular ties, "Z" ties and corrugated ties, as shown in Figure 1. Rectangular and "Z" ties are usually fabricated from cold-drawn steel wire or copper-clad wire conforming to ASTM A 82 or ASTM В 227, respectively. Rectangular and "Z" ties made of stainless steel conforming to ASTM A 167 are also available for use in more corrosive environments. Corrugated sheet steel ties are typically manufactured from steel sheet conforming to ASTM A 570, Grade D, but are also available in copper and stainless steel.
Rectangular and "Z" ties are used to bond walls constructed of two or more masonry wythes. "Z" ties should only be used to bond walls constructed with solid units (not less than 75% solid). Rectangular ties may be used with either solid or hollow units.
Corrugated ties are typically used in low-rise, residential veneer over wood frame construction and are not recommended for construction incorporating brick veneer over steel studs, masonry-backed cavity walls, multi-wythe walls or grouted masonry walls. Typical installation details are shown in Fig. 2.
Joint Reinforcement
Continuous horizontal joint reinforcement is typically made from #8, 9, 10, or 11 ga wire, or 3/16 in. (5 mm) diameter wire, conforming to ASTM A 82, in lengths of 10 to 12 ft (3 to 4 m). The most common configurations are the ladder, truss, and tab types (see Fig. 3).