Masonry Magazine December 1993 Page. 34
3.3.3.5 Wall ties
(a) Embed the ends of wall ties in mortar joints. Embed wall tie ends at least 1/2 in. into the outer faceshell of hollow units. Embed wire wall ties at least 1-1/2 in. into the mortar bed of solid masonry units or solid grouted hollow units.
(b) Unless otherwise required, bond wythes not bonded by headers with wall ties as follows:
Wire Size
Minimum number of ties required
W1.7
One wall tie per 2.67 ft²
W2.8
One wall tie per 4.50 ft²
The maximum spacing between wall ties is 36 in. horizontally and 24 in. vertically.
(c) Unless accepted by the Architect/Engineer, do not bend wall ties after being embedded in grout or mortar.
(d) Unless otherwise required, install adjustable ties in accordance with the following requirements:
1. One tie for each 1.77 ft of wall area
2. Do not exceed 16 in. horizontal or vertical spacing
3. The maximum misalignment of bed joints from one wythe to the other is 1-1/4 in.
4. The maximum clearance between connecting parts of the ties is 1/16 in.
5. When pintle legs are used, provide ties with at least two legs made of wire size W2.8.
4.3.3.4 Grout pour height
Table 4.3.3.4
| Specified grout type¹ | Maximum grout pour height, ft | Minimum width of grout space, in. 2,3 | Minimum grout space dimensions for grouting cells of hollow units, 3,4 in. x in. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fine | 1 | 3/4 | 1-1/2 x 2 |
| Fine | 5 | 2 | 2 x 3 |
| Fine | 12 | 2-1/2 | 2-1/2 x 3 |
| Fine | 24 | 3 | 3 x 3 |
| Coarse | 1 | 1-1/2 | 1-1/2 x 3 |
| Coarse | 5 | 2 | 2-1/2 x 3 |
| Coarse | 12 | 2-1/2 | 3 x 3 |
| Coarse | 24 | 3 | 3 x 4 |
¹ Fine and coarse grouts are defined in ASTM C 476. Grout shall attain a minimum compressive strength of 2000 psi at 28 days.
² For grouting between masonry wythes.
³ Grout space dimension is the clear dimension between any masonry protrusion and shall be increased by the diameters of the horizontal bars within the cross section of the grout space.
⁴ Area of vertical reinforcement shall not exceed 6 percent of the area of the grout space.
REFERENCES
1. Specifications for Masonry Structures, ACI 530.1-92/ASCE 6-92/TMS 602-92, reported by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee, 1992.
2. Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures, ACI 530-92/ASCE 5-92/TMS 402-92, reported by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee, 1992.
3. Standard Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials, ACI 117-90, reported by ACI Committee 117, 1990.
34 MASONRY-NOVEMBER/DECEMBER, 1993