Masonry Magazine December 2000 Page. 34
REFERENCES
Allen, R., Borchelt, J. G., Klingner, R. E. and Zobel, R., "Proposed Provisions for Design of Anchorage to Masonry," The Masonry Saciety Journal, Boulder, Colorado (accepted for publication).
Brown, R. H. and Whitlock, A. R. (1983), "Strength of Anchor Bolts in Grouted Masonry," ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, vol 109, no. 6, June 1983.
Hatzinikolas, M., Kongworth, J. and Warwaruk, J. (1979), Strength and Behavior of Anchor Bolts Embedded in Concrete Masonry," prepared for the Alberta Masonry Institute, 1979.
Shaikh, A. F. (1996), "Design of Hooked Anchor Bolts in Concrete and Masonry: Proposed Code Provisions and Commentary," prepared for National Codes and Standards Council, July 1996.
Tubbs, J. B., Pollock, D. G., Jr., McLean, D. I. and Young, T. C. (1999), "Performance of Anchor Bolts in Concrete Block Masonry", Proceedings, 8th North American Masonry Conference, Austin, Texas, June 6-9, 1999.
Mr. Samblanet is the Executive Director of The Masonry Society. He is a professional engineer in both Ohio and California.
Dr. Klingner is the Phil M. Ferguson Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Texas, Austin. He is the Chairman of TMS's Technical Activities Committee, team leader of TMS's Disaster Investigation Team and chair of the MSJC's Allowable Stress and Reinforcing Details Task Group
spacing of anchor bolts. Anchor bolts should be placed as specified, since the capacity of an anchor bolt will be reduced if its embedment depth is too small, or if it is placed too close for a free edge or to another anchor bolt. If bent-bar anchors must be used, contractors should remember that their capacity in tension depends on their pullout resistance. While coating bent-bar anchors with oil or other materials to prevent corrosion is admirable, it nevertheless reduces bond and the resulting pullout strength of the anchor. It is therefore critically important to clean dirt and oil from bent-bar anchors before they are placed in the masonry.
CONCLUDING REMARKS
Research clearly shows that headed anchors can have higher tensile capacity than bent-bar anchors, even though they cost about the same to purchase and install. To achieve better performance, the masonry industry should begin to use headed anchor bolts whenever possible.
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