Masonry Magazine April 1994 Page. 43
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customary sizes. See Table 1. Metric size wire reinforcing has not been addressed by industry, other than by soft conversion of the specification requirements.
Masonry units currently do not have equivalent metric standards. However, ASTM E 835/E 835M Standard Guide for Modular Coordination of Clay and Concrete Masonry Units defines rational metric modules for metric sizes. Generally, metric size units should be multiples (or fractions) of 100 mm. The preferred multiples are 200 mm and 400 mm. In the case of clay brick, many existing sizes conform to a hard metric module by using a 10 mm mortar joint size instead of the common 4s in. (95 mm) or 1/2 in. (13 mm) size joint. size joint. See Table 2. However, this is not the case for concrete block and similarly sized clay masonry units. The larger size of these units does not allow enough alteration of the mortar joint size to match the metric module, and the difference is often beyond the permissible manufacturing tolerances. Thus, a physical change in size, not just re-labeling, is required to produce metric block. See Table 3.
Disadvantages associated with such a change include the need to carry dual inventory, one for metric projects, and one for non-metric projects which will undoubtedly continue to be built. Another concern is the need to match existing units in retrofit and restoration work. This too requires maintenance of a dual inventory of molds or dies. The costs of manufacturing metric sizes and of maintaining a dual inventory cannot be ignored. However, conversion to metric offers the industry a great opportunity to standardize and rationalize the number and size of masonry units, and it should be encouraged.
Conclusion
Metrication is here. Driven by the federal government work, state and city governments are increasingly using metric as well. The masonry industry has prepared for this change by incorporating a metric appendix to the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures and and providing design aids and journals which use metric. Now it is time to push for metric size masonry units and metric product information to further simplify the designer's task.
CHRISTINE A. SUBASIC, staff engineer in the Brick Institute of America's Engineering and Research Division, is a graduate of Pennsylvania State University. Before join-
MASONRY-MARCH/APRIL, 1994 43